Goya Essay Example For Students

Goya Essay His name, Francisco Goya, conceived in 1746, one of Spains most inventive painters and etchers; likewise one of the triumvirateincluding El Greco and Diego Velzquezof extraordinary Spanish experts. Much in the specialty of Goya is gotten from that of Velzquez, the same amount of in the craft of the nineteenth century French ace douard Manet and the twentieth century virtuoso Pablo Picasso is taken from Goya. Prepared in an unremarkable ornate masterful milieu , Goya changed this frequently unimportant style and made works, for example, the celebrated The third of May, 1808, that have as extraordinary an effect today as when they were made Goya was conceived in the little Aragonese town of Fuendetodos (close to Zaragoza) on March 30, 1746. His dad was a painter and a gilder of altarpieces, and his mom was slid from a group of minor Aragonese respectability. Realities of Goyas adolescence are scant. He went to class in Zaragoza at the Escuelas Pias. Goyas formal aesthetic training star ted when, at 14 years old, he was apprenticed to a neighborhood ace, Jos Luzan, a capable albeit generally secret painter in whose studio Goya went through four years. In 1763 the youthful craftsman went to Madrid, where he wanted to win a prize at the Academy of San Fernando. Despite the fact that he didn't win the ideal honor, he made the colleague of Francisco Bayeu, a craftsman additionally from Aragn, who was working at the court in the scholastic way imported to Spain by the German painter Anton Raphael Mengs. Bayeu (the sibling of Goyas spouse) was compelling in framing Goyas early style and was liable for his cooperation in a significant commission, the fresco improvement of the Church of the Virgin in El Pilar in Zaragoza. In 1771 Goya went to Italy for around one year. His movement there is generally dark; he went through certain months in Rome and furthermore entered an organization at the Parma Academy rivalry, in which he was fruitful. Coming back to Spain around 1773, Goya took an interest in a few other fresco ventures, including that for the Charterhouse of Aula Dei, close to Zaragoza, in 1774, where his works of art prefigure those of his most prominent fresco venture, executed in the Church of San Antonio de la Florida, Madrid, in 1798. It was as of now that Goya started to do prints after works of art by Velzquez, who might stay, alongside Rembrandt, his most prominent wellspring of motivation. By 1786 Goya was working in an official limit with regards to King Charles III, the most edified Spanish ruler of the eighteenth century. Goya was named first court painter in 1799. His woven artwork kid's shows executed in the late 1780s and mid 1790s were exceptionally adulated for their open perspectives on regular Spanish life. With these kid's shows Goya reformed the embroidered artwork industry, which, until that time, had carelessly recreated the Flemish kind scenes of the seventeenth century painter David Teniers. Some of Goyas most excellent representations of his companions, individuals from the court, and the respectability date from the 1780s. Works, for example, Marquesa de Pontejos show that Goya was then painting in an exquisite way to some degree suggestive of the style of his English contemporary Thomas Gainsborough.

Describe the challenge faced by John Proctor Essay

Depict a test looked by a character in the content. Clarify how the character managed the challenge. In ‘The Crucible’ by Arthur Millar, huge numbers of the characters confronted difficulties. One character who was confronted with challenge was the hero John Proctor. He confronted the test of attempting to keep his notoriety unblemished notwithstanding a judgemental Puritanical people group managed by strange notion and strict narrow mindedness. The way that he had an unlawful illicit relationship with a young lady named Abigail was a significant snag to clearing his ‘good name’ alongside the way that his better half Elizabeth lied after swearing to tell the truth in court to attempt to ensure him. John Proctor was confronted with the choice among life and passing to manage the test of attempting to clear this ‘good name’ John Proctor, the hero, had the significant test of attempting to manage his two-faced issue with Abigail, the key anatagonist in the play. Abigail begrudged John’s current spouse Elizabeth and she needed to have her spot. Whenever Abigail got the opportunity to blame individuals for being witches, Elizabeth was her first casualty. Delegate anyway needed to destroy his great name so as to blame Abigail for faking her cases. To do this however was a test he looked as he was a man with high ethics and didn’t need to destroy his name. A further test that John Proctor confronted was the point at which his significant other Elizabeth was blamed for black magic and needed to vouch for demonstrate his innocence. At the point when his better half Elizabeth was captured after she was blamed by Abigail for being a witch, Proctor realized he could have prevented this preliminary from proceeding. He had the alternative of telling the court that the preliminary is a hoax since he had an unsanctioned romance with Abigail and that she was out for vengeance after Elizabeth showed her out of the Proctor family unit and furthermore in light of the fact that Proctor immovably dismissed her colloquialism â€Å"I will remove my hand before I go after you again†. The issue was if Proctor conceded his undertaking with Abigail, his notoriety will be demolished. In the long run he at long last conceded his undertaking saying â€Å"God help me, I lusted† suggesting that he laments taking part in an extramarital entanglemen ts, yet it was short of what was needed as the preliminaries were no longer in his grasp and was constrained by the court. The motivation behind why it was hard for John Proctor to demonstrate his innocence Religious narrow mindedness was overflowing in the Puritannical town of Salem and the court framework depended on Biblical law. also, you were either with or against God and like Danforth said â€Å"you are either with or against the courts†, you can just help one side. It is difficult for Proctor to keep his notoriety clean due to this explanation. At the point when he affirmed against Abigail, he put his notoriety in question. In the long run he is sold out by Mary Warren and his last words â€Å" it is a prostitutes vengeance† states that the court depends on fantasies not realities and Abigail is just doing this for retribution in Proctor’s last endeavor to turn the courts. At long last, the last test that Proctor confronted was whether to live amazing demonstrate his innocence. At the point when he was announced a witch by the strict court, he had the choice of either marking an admission admitting to this or setting off to the hangman's tree. At first, he marked the admission however then tore it up when he understood it would destroy his notoriety and he felt coerce over the other people who had been erroneously denounced. after his request â€Å"give me my name, I have given you my soul† is dismissed. Now Hale the witch-tracker feels regretful about his activities and argues to Elizabeth to cause him to admit; everything she did was say â€Å" he’ll have his decency now, god preclude I take it from him† expressing that it was his decision and she can’t take it from him. Therefore, through the conditions that Proctor had, he managed the circumstances with mental fortitude and respect. He figured out how to make up for himself from his previous sins and keeping his notoriety clean by deciding to hang as opposed to living in disgrace and having nothing to live for. Along these lines Proctor has taken his life brimming proudly and having his notoriety clean.

How Death Affects Everyone Differently free essay sample

An investigate paper taking a gander at the manner in which the subject of death is dealt with in D.H Lawrences, The Horse Dealers Daughter and William Faulkners 'A Rose for Emily'. This is a thoroughly analyze paper that takes a gander at the D.H Lawrence stories, 'The Horse Dealers Daughter and William Faulkners A Rose for Emily. The creator focuses on the subject of death and how two characters (Mable and Emily) experience and manage passing. Demise is the finish of life. Each living thing kicks the bucket, however individuals are most likely the main animals that can envision their own demises. At the point when somebody bites the dust the individuals storeroom to them are over accompanied misery. A few people discover comfort in death. They accept that when you bite the dust your enduring finishes. Individuals who experience the passing of a notable individual in their life regularly feel like a piece of them has likewise kicked the bucket. We will compose a custom article test on How Death Affects Everyone Differently or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page You can decide to allow this experience to adjust and shape a mind-blowing remainder or you can conquer it and proceed with your life. In A Rose for Emily and The Horse Dealers Daughter , Mable and Emily experience the passing of their dad.'

History of Country Music

Velvet Stalnaker UNV 104 January 7, 2012 Professor Salcido History of Southern Music Southern music is presently called blue grass music and is famous in a wide range of spots. It is for individuals from varying backgrounds. In any case, when we take a gander at blue grass music today and from years prior is it the equivalent? , When did it become mainstream? also, , How has the music changed throughout the years? Southern music referred to today as down home music got well known in the 1920’s. This was music that depended on society music of cowhands in the southeast (Collins English Dictionary, 2003). In the vast majority of the early music the craftsman played stringed instruments like fiddles, guitars, banjos and some were in any event, playing harmonicas. At the point when this kind of music began a few people called it â€Å"hillbilly music† (Tower, 2000). Blue grass music is as I would like to think calming and recounts to a story. Migrants resulted in these present circumstances world more than 300 years prior playing and tuning in to what they called old world music. A large portion of the individuals that were playing this music were playing banjos and guitars. Southern music is as yet utilized today in places of worship everywhere throughout the world it is called southern gospel. This kind of music is utilized in memorial services and furthermore festivities everywhere throughout the world. The vast majority think this sort of music is about individuals crying about their lives. Numerous southern blue grass melodies recount anecdotes about the artist. Southern music is utilized today in certain schools and places of worship regularly. Some administration bunches in the United States likewise use tunes with southern foundation. â€Å"The south is the support of American music. †3 This can be seen through numerous kinds of music. Southern music is utilized in motion pictures. Southern impact help to make mainstream tunes like â€Å"Sweet Home Alabama†, â€Å"Free bird†, and â€Å"Still in Saigon† top choices among a wide range of sorts of individuals today. Despite the fact that southern music is for hillbillies, southern music is persuasive on the grounds that southern music from the past is as yet utilized in lives today and southern music began numerous renowned tunes despite everything utilized today. This is the reason southern music isn't only for hillbillies. Reference Page 1-http://www. urbandictionary. com 2-http://www. wbir. com by Dave Paulson â€Å"The Tennessean† Who tunes in to Country music? 3-http:www. credoreference. com. library. gcu. edu:2048/passage/abcarcsouth/music Here is the segment of the style direct that may assist you with your references. Source Citations All citations, rewords, and rundowns must be referenced. Just basic information shouldn't be refered to. If all else fails, refer to the material. This is an issue of unoriginality; it would be ideal if you reference GCU’s arrangement on Plagiarism in the University Policy Handbook. In-content references should take note of the author(s) and the distribution date for a summarization. For an immediate citation, references ought to incorporate author(s), date, and page number. See the accompanying models: â€Å"Ethics looks at virtues and the guidelines of moral behavior† (Ornstein and Levine, 2008, p. 162). Ornstein and Levine (2008) communicated their anxiety with NCLB and its impact on state funded instruction. Reference Examples: Books Book by a Single Author, A. A. (Year). Book title: Subtitle after colon. Area, State Abbreviation: Publisher. [Some distribution areas don't require a state contraction or nation. ] Daresh, J. C. (2004). Starting the as sociate principalship: A reasonable guide for new School chairmen. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin. Book by More than One Author, A. A. , Author, B. B. , and Author, C. C. (Year). Book title: Subtitle after colon. Area, State Abbreviation: Publisher. Dark, J. A. , and English, F. W. (1986). What they don’t enlighten you in schools of instruction regarding school organization. Lancaster, PA: Technomic. Hartzell, G. , Williams, R. , and Nelson, K. (1995). New voices in the field: The work lives of first-year colleague principals. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin. Altered Book Author, A. A. (Ed. ). (Year). Book title: Subtitle after colon. Area, State Abbreviation: Publisher. Feldman, P. R. (Ed. ). (1997). English ladies artists of the sentimental period. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University. Article or Chapter in an Edited Book Author, A. A. , and Author, B. B. (Year). Section or article title. In A. A. Manager and B. B. Supervisor (Eds. ), Book title: Subtitle after colon (pp. <page numbers>). Area, State Abbreviation: Publisher. Grabe, W. , and Stoller, F. L. (2001). Perusing for scholastic purposes: Guidelines for the ESL/EFL educator. In M. Celce-Murcia (Ed. ), Teaching English as a second or unknown dialect (third ed. ) (pp. 187-203). Boston: Heinle and Heinle. Numerous Editions of a Book Author, A. A. (Year). Book title: Subtitle after colon (second ed. . Area, State Abbreviation: Publisher. Parker, F. , and Riley, K. (2004). Etymology for non-language specialists: A groundwork with works out (fourth ed. ). Boston: Allyn and Bacon. Book by an Organization Name. (Year). Book title: Subtitle after colon. Area, State Abbreviation: Publisher. American Psychological Association. (2001). Distribution manual of the American Psychological Association (fifth ed. ). Wa shington, DC: Author. [Here, the association is both the distributer and the creator, so the word â€Å"Author† is noted instead of the publisher’s name. Reference Examples: Periodicals Article in a Journal Author, A. A. (Year). Title of article. Diary Title, Volume(Issue), Page numbers. Chappuis, S. , and Stiggins, R. (2002). Homeroom appraisal for learning. Instructive Leadership, 60, 40-43. Arnold, J. B. , and Dodge, H. W. (1994). Space for all. The American School Board Journal, 181(10), 22-26. [The issue number is in enclosures; no space between the volume and issue. ] Article in a Popular Magazine Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Article title. Magazine Title, Volume(Issue), Page numbers. Mehta, P. B. (1998, June 6). Detonating fantasies. New Republic, 290(25), 17-19. Article in a Newspaper Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Article title. Paper Title, Page numbers. Schwartz, J. (1993, September 30). Heftiness influences monetary, societal position. Washington Post, pp. A1, A4. Online Periodical Article Author, A. A. , Author, B. B. , and Author, C. C. (Year). Title of article. Periodical Title, Volume(Issue), Page numbers. Recovered Month Day, Year, from URL Smith, B. M. (2004, June). What will you do on summer excursion? Phi Delta Kappan, 85(10), 722. Recovered August 18, 2004, from http://www. pdkintl. organization/kappan/k0406smi. htm Reference Examples: Electronic Resources Document from University or Government Program Web Site Author, A. A. , Author, B. B. , and Author, C. C. (Year). Title of site. Recovered Month Day, Year, from Organization Name, Specific Web Page: URL Woodford, R. (n. d. ). Fruitful practices for understudies with inabilities. Recovered August 24, 2004, from US Department of Education, Improve Student Performance: http://www. ed. gov/educators/how/devices/activity/summerworkshop/lincolncounty/edlite-slide001. tml Stand-Alone Document Author, A. A. , Author, B. B. , and Author, C. C. (Year). Title of Web website. Recovered Month Day, Year, from URL Black, C. (2011). Ladies and habit: From Betty Ford to Amy Winehouse. Recovered July 27, 2011, from http://www. psychologytoday. com/blog/the-many-faces-compulsion/201107/ladies and-habit betty-passage amy-winehouse Stand-Alone Document, No Author or Date Title o f page. (n. d. ). Recovered Month Day, Year, from URL USA swimming. (n. d. ). Recovered August 24, 2004, from http://www. usaswimming. organization/usasweb/DesktopDefault. aspx

Term Paper Guidelines Economics 335 Essays - Economy, Economics

Research paper Guidelines : Economics 335 Reason The reason for the research paper is to offer you a chance to apply the financial ideas, standards, apparatuses, and models that we have and will analyze in this course to decipher ebb and flow large scale monetary occasions. You may choose the specific subject of the paper, so this paper gives you a chance to examine something that you are keen on and interface your inclinations to what you have and will learn in this course. Picking a Topic The subject of the research project must be identified with global financial aspects . Attainable selections of points could include: - Current occasions: news stories on Titanium have featured present and ongoing occasions applicable to the course that you could clarify utilizing the models and devices from the course. For instance, the article Krugman, Trade Theory, and Apples Chip Problems with TSMCs Earthquake Damage from section 6 investigates how Apple's iPhone depends on PC chips made in Taiwan. There is a huge modern group of semiconductor and PC chip creation in Taiwan . You could investigate the historical backdrop of Taiwan's sem iconductor creation, how the mechanical group was shaped, and the potential weaknesses of overall creation of a specific item being gathered in only a couple of spots. - An investigation of the top imports and fares of a nation : you could utilize the MIT Trade A tlas to locate the best 5 imports and fares for a nation. At that point, utilizing the Heckscher - Ohlin exchange hypothesis, New Trade Theory, and the ideas of similar favorable position, you could talk about if the top imports and fares from the nation are steady with the possibility of those speculations. I expect that you will utilize the monetary rationale and models that we've created in the course to control your examination , so please pick a point that is perfect with the apparatuses that we have created and will create in this course. It would be ideal if you email me or converse with me on the off chance that you have any inquiries regarding whether your theme is fitting for the course. Recommended Format Your paper could be sorted out in the accompanying manner : Presentation: Here, you present the subject of your paper, and sum up quickly the finishes of your paper. Synopsis of late occasions or news stories on your subject: Here, you ought to inspect late occasions identified with your theme in a manner that wo uld intrigue the normal peruser, who is somebody who is taking the course with you . Financial investigation utilizing the instruments or standards created in this course: I expect that the monetary examination will make up at any rate half of your paper. End: Summarize the primary concerns of your paper and leave a fascinating inquiry or result for your peruser to consider for what's to come. Work in progress : Presenting a work in progress is discretionary . To guarantee that you get remarks on your unfinished copy with sufficient opportunity to play out certain updates, if you don't mind submit it at the latest Friday, April 28 th . Last Draft : The last draft is expected on the Friday of finals week 11:59 PM. If it's not too much trouble submit it through the Titanium dropbox . Late Assignment Policy for the Term Paper For consistently that the last draft is late, I will deduct 25% off of the last grade up to a limit of 75%. Specialized Format Length: 3-5 pages writtendiagrams and diagrams, which might be important for your examination, don't check towards the page tally. References and a cover sheet don't check towards the page tally either. Text style: Times New Roman, 12 point Separating: Double-divided Page Margins: 1 left and right, 1 top and base References might be in any organization style insofar as you are steady about the way that you position the references. If it's not too much trouble recollect that the motivation behind references is to give enough data to discover the wellspring of a reality , so you ought to incorporate enough data to permit somebody to effortlessly follow back any data that you use to its source. Basic reference designs incorporate MLA and APA styles.

A Community for Everything and Everyone

A Community for Everything and Everyone Recently, the Winter Olympics came and went. While the games were on, the Illini Union Courtyard played the Olympics every day on a giant projector screen. Each time I visited the Courtyard, I saw a large group of people watching. Whether it was curling, skiing, hockey, or any other sport, the students were engaged. Even curling, a sport that probably only gets screen time in the United States every four years, had a bunch of Illini on the edge of their seats! This sight made me think about all the times that I have seen Illinois students gather together around common interests. On Quad Day each semester, students enthusiasm for taking part in activities with others is on full display. Each amazing organization created by students is a testament to what makes our student body great. Its awe-inspiring that thousands of people from diverse backgrounds can accomplish such amazing things together. Seeing students at the Illini Union enjoying curling and other sports rang so true to what I believe is a core strength of our university. Being active in a community that seeks to involve everyone makes learning and growing as an individual such an amazing experience. Some might say that Illinois is a large university, and they are right. I happen to believe this is one of our strengths. The ability to find others who love what you love and care about the same things you care about makes every day an adventure. It makes every day of college so valuable. When classes end for the day, the sun goes down, and the moon comes up over the Quad, Illinois students never stop learning. The next learning experience of the day is spent with others. Four years at Illinois can be so much more than your two or three classes in a day. It can be whatever you want it to be when you choose to get involved. Finding the people who share your interests and wish to share an exploration about those same topics will be unforgettable at the end of it all. Dont be afraid to start a star-gazing club, an RSO based on watching Jeopardy, collecting rocks, knitting sweaters, or anything else your heart desires. Your four years at Illinois will only become more special. Im sure someone else will be right there ready to go on that journey with you. Jacob Class of 2019 I’m an Advertising student within the College of Media. My hometown is a place called Fairmount, Illinois, which is about 30 minutes from campus. I began my Illinois journey in the Division of General Studies.

Brooks and the Combination of Racism and Southern Femininity - Free Essay Example

In â€Å"A Bronzeville Mother Loiters in Mississippi. Meanwhile, a Mississippi Mother Burns Bacon,† Gwendolyn Brooks bases her poem off the murder of Emmett Till. She touches on the ideas of Southern racism and Southern femininity to blame and deconstruct a dysfunctional system in society, which excuses the violence and hatred towards black people in the South. In her poem, Brooks portrays the effects of Southern racism and racial segregation on society through the privilege that Carolyn Bryant and her husband were given after the murder of Emmett Till. Carolyn Bryant had the desire of fulfilling a fantasied dream that most women in the south had, which is why she accused an innocent black child of something he did not do. In her mind, she portrayed Emmet as a villain who â€Å"possessed undisputed breadth, undisputed height, and harsh kind of vice.† However, the more Carolyn thinks about what happened, the more responsible she felt for the death of an unwary child. She felt that there was â€Å"something about the matter of the Dark Villain.† He was â€Å"of fourteen, with eyes still too young to be dirty,† and she started to find it increasingly difficult to justify her actions with this fairytale story. Instead, all the qualities she thought the Dark Villain should possess were found in the Fine Prince. She had reali zed that â€Å"there may have been something ridiculous in the picture of the Fine Prince.† Carolyn feels â€Å"a red ooze [†¦] seeping, spreading darkly, thickly, slowly, over her white shoulders,† signifying her guilt and role in the death of Emmett. Gwendolyn Brooks portrays racial inequality and the effects of racial segregation in this poem when Carolyn Bryant was quick to assume that Emmett was the â€Å"Dark Villain† she needed to be saved from. This depicts the racial inequality between blacks and whites in the United States because even though Emmett was a little boy, he was still accused of something he did not understand just because of his skin color; he was still an innocent, young child who thought that â€Å"grown-ups were supposed to be wise.† Brooks argues that many African Americans were thought to be these monstrous villains that did not deserve to be treated like human beings just because of their race. They were given unfair punishments for petty crimes and targeted by society for things they had not done, but because they were black, they were never given the benefit of the doubt. The word of a white man who brutally murdered a fourteen-year-old boy was admissible in court over the word of a chi ldless mother who grieved for her son. The racial segregation only enhanced the effects of the flawed mindset that people had in the mid 1950s. In the poem, Gwendolyn Brooks argues that this mindset was adopted by women who were seeking to be saved by a man in a heavily patriarchal society. In the eyes of Bryant, she was this â€Å"milk-white maid† who was rescued from the â€Å"Dark Villain† by a â€Å"Fine Prince.† Brooks paints this picture of Southern femininity in the 1950s revolving around this fairytale idea of being â€Å"saved† by a man. Women badly wanted to be rescued by a â€Å"Fine Prince,† so they put themselves in situations of helplessness. Brooks argues that because Carolyn Bryant wanted to feel like a â€Å"damsel in distress† who was saved by strong, capable white man, she accused the first black person she saw- Emmett- of harassing her when he walked into the store. However, readers can see Brooks does not directly blame Bryant for the death of Emmett because she also creates a sense of sympathy towards her by writing in her perspective. Carolyn just wanted to ach ieve the thing that was considered to make a woman feminine, which was why she falsely accused Emmett. I think that Brooks does so, because she felt that the direct blame was to be put on a system that was used to justify racism and violence towards black people. Women in the south were expected to be weak and the men were expected to solve all their problems. Carolyn’s desire to be a southern belle who was helpless and vulnerable, needing a man to rescue her, portrayed the patriarchy in society and the desire for women to adopt this as an ideal of femininity in the 1950s. Because of the existing prejudice against black people in the south, black men were an easy â€Å"villain† to be saved from. Carolyn Bryant was just another woman, among the countless others, who did something wrong. Gwendolyn Brooks uses the murder of Emmett Till to expose the real problem behind the persecution and killing of black Americans. In the poem, I think Brooks argues that a combination of 1950s Southern patriarchy and the racial inequality is the actual reason why Emmett Till and so many others like him were lynched. By writing in the perspective of Carolyn Bryant, she was able to show the effects of the two combined. Carolyn’s image of herself as weak woman who needed to look pretty for her husband and be saved from all her problems was the result of the patriarchal society in the South. The consequences of using Emmett Till as a villain in her narrative, depicted the hate and disrespect that was essentially fueled by racism, segregation and racial inequality in the South. Both of these issues went hand-in-hand to create a larger, underlying social issue, where the combination of southern patriarchy and racism proves to be lethal. Gwendolyn Brooks uses the murder of Emmett Til l to expose the real problem behind the persecution and killing of black Americans. In the poem, I think Brooks argues that a combination of 1950s Southern patriarchy and the racial inequality is the actual reason why Emmett Till and so many others like him were lynched. By writing in the perspective of Carolyn Bryant, she was able to show the effects of the two combined. Carolyn’s image of herself as weak woman who needed to look pretty for her husband and be saved from all her problems was the result of the patriarchal society in the South. The consequences of using Emmett Till as a villain in her narrative, depicted the hate and disrespect that was essentially fueled by racism, segregation and racial inequality in the South. Both of these issues went hand-in-hand to create a larger, underlying social issue, where the combination of southern patriarchy and racism proves to be lethal.

Sports Participation And Substance Use - 1531 Words

It was estimated in 2007 that the cost of substance use to the American tax payer was approximately $193 billion (National Drug Intelligence Center [NDIC], 2011). According to the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Study of Substance Use of College Student-Athletes, approximately 77% of collegiate athletes reported using alcohol in the past year and 20% reported using marijuana (DeHass, 2006). Additionally, because college athletes are a subgroup within the larger collegiate institution they are at greater risk for problematic alcohol and marijuana use (Grossbard, Hummer, LaBrie, Pederson, Neighbors, 2009). Traditionally, sport participation was believed to provide a buffer between athletes abusing drugs and alcohol (Pate, Heath, Dowda, Trost, 1996); however, according to Lisha and Sussman (2010), a positive association existed between sport participation and substance use. Furthermore, athletes that reported in-season marijuana use also reported higher sensation s eeking, greater anxiety, and coping motivations (Buckman, Yusko, Farris, White, Pandina, 2011). Emotional Intelligence (EI) is defined, as a subset of social intelligence that encompasses an individual’s ability to perceive emotions, comprehend the emotions of oneself and others, generate emotions to assist cognition, and regulate emotions in a way that promotes emotional and intellectual growth (Mayer Salovey, 1997; Salovey Mayer, 1990). Individuals who possess higher levels of EI haveShow MoreRelatedAthletes With Abnormal Av Conduction Characterized By An Hv Interval1329 Words   |  6 Pageswith AF should undergo a work-up that includes thyroid function tests, queries for drug use, ECG, and echocardiogram. Athletes with low-risk AF that is well tolerated and self-terminating may participate in all competitive sports without therapy. In athletes with AF, when antithrombotic therapy, other than aspirin, is indicated, it is reasonable to consider the bleeding risk in the context of the specific sport before clearance. Catheter ablation for AF could obviate the need for rate control orRead MoreThe Use Of Marijuana And Its Effects On Education852 Words   |  4 Pages(S) This worker met with the Goodman family, Diana parent A, Shannon parent B, and their child Derek, for a follow up due the original reported concerns of substance (marijuana) use by the child. During this meeting, Parent A reported further concerns of substance use, and states that she had discovered, â€Å"An ounce† of marijuana within Derek’s belongings. Parent A also reported continued concerns of low academic and recreational activity performance from Derek, and states, â€Å"He just doesn’t care.†Read MorePED in Sports Essay1644 Words   |  7 Pages PED in Sports Performance enhancing drugs have been a longstanding problem in sports. 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Anabolic steroids are chemically derived from testosteroneRead MoreGuidelines For Increasing Reliability Of A Student Athlete1227 Words   |  5 Pagesor acquired traits, such as strength, agility, and endurance that are necessary for physical exercise or sports, especially those performed in competitive contexts. 2. Collegiate/student athlete. A student-athlete is a student whose enrollment was solicited by a member of the athletics staff or other representative of athletic interests with a view toward the student’s ultimate participation in the intercollegiate athletics program. Any other student becomes a student-athlete only when the studentRead MoreNCAA Drug Testing707 Words   |  3 PagesThe use of illegal substances is rapidly increasing in the college sports due to the expansion of supplements used by athletes that are being banned. In a study done, athletes were asked if illicit drugs would negatively impact their performance. Majority of them responded â€Å"yes†, their main reasoning being; the effects of illicit drugs were both mental and physically damaging. Illicit drugs come in many forms, but the testing procedures are all the same for any substance. There is almost always aRead MoreThe Use of Ergogenic Compounds to Improve Athletic Performance1609 Words   |  7 PagesThe Use of Ergogenic Compounds to Improve Athletic Performance An Ergogenic aid is known as an enhancing quality in sporting performance. Compounds such as bee pollen, caffeine, glycine, carnitine, lecithin, and gelatin are claimed through anecdotal evidence to improve strength or endurance. The use of drugs and other substances has persistedRead MoreWhy Performance Enhancement Drugs Use Essay1142 Words   |  5 PagesWhy are performance enhancement drugs use in professional sports? The use of steroids has been a major problem among sports and has caused lots of controversy. Although these professional sports organizations such as the NFL, NHL, NBA and several others have spent time and money investigating athletes for uses of performance enhancement drugs, nothing has been done to erase records or record breaking statistics. In order to cease steroid and other performance enhancement drug users from cheatingRead MoreThe Effect Of Extracurricular Activities On Academic Success1130 Words   |  5 Pages my role is to manage extracurricular and intramural athletics for the district. I work to develop and implement accessible programs and services while ensuring compliance with district policies as well as state and federal laws and regulations. I use student achievement data to gauge program ef fectiveness and ensure that renewal is continual and responsive to student needs. Part I Extracurricular activities provide experiences that are not included in formal courses of study and are thereforeRead MoreAlcohol And Drugs And Their Effects On First Year Students1544 Words   |  7 Pagesoverwhelming voice against control of these substances. First-year students are hit the hardest by this influence, being freshly exposed to the freedom of moving away from parents. It is this freshness, combined with the vast availability and marketing of alcohol, that causes college freshmen to be extremely susceptible to its effects. Despite how drugs and alcohol are romanticized in the media and easily available to college students, these substances have a negative effect on sleep habits, attendance

The Rumba Dance Essay - 2967 Words

The rumba is a dance that rivets its image on the mind. Holding much history, it has been and is a dance of oppositions: love and hate, hostility and harmony, sensuality and prudence. Musically, it taps into the realms of technicality and improvisation. The dance and music is a marvel, leaving a lusty taste in its trail so that a natural tendency towards it never fades. The origins of the rumba stem from Africa. The steps and song of traditional rumba may have begun as remembered pieces of dance from the Ganga or Kisi people in Cuba, generalized groups of West Central African descent. Some prospect that the Sara peoples of northern Nigeria are the originators of rumba, a similar dance is of rows of boys in front of†¦show more content†¦Post 1518, enslaved Africans had a continuous influence on Cuba, particularly after 1700 through 1886. During these years, â€Å"massive numbers of new arrivals kept a persistent and forceful garden of African culture growing whenever an d wherever they could in the nooks and crannies† (Shephard, Beckles 457). Overwhelming colonial authority and restriction, the convention of the enslaved Afro-Cubans implicitly permeated Cuba for more than two hundred years. Havana was the cradle for large numbers of enslaved Africans by the end of the eighteenth century. Slave barracks became kernels of anguish. Rebellion was prohibited and dangerous, so resistance was expressed in recreational music and dance. Because revolts were feared by authorities, factionalism was tolerated and black cabildos were molded. Cabildos were homogenous African ethnic groups that operated as mutual aid societies. Unintentionally, the cabildos proved fundamental in the crystallization of African cultural traditions in Cuba, including language and religious practices. With the end of slavery, poor Afro-Cubans continued to lament their frustrations of meager opportunities and depressing conditions by means of music and dance. Indigent Cuba ns swelled in solares, the crowded habituations surrounding a central courtyard, which served as rendezvous to relax, play, and dream in song, dance, and poetry. The solares offered solace to those whoShow MoreRelatedEssay about Afro-Cuban Music638 Words   |  3 PagesCubans and Africans. Music became a common bond between the two groups Dance is just as important and music in Afro-Cuban Culture. The music is made to be danced to, and most of the popular Cuban dances that exist today are of African decent. The most popular are the rumba, danzon, and son. Especially among the working class poor, dancing and music was simply a way to blow off steam and have a good time. The rumba is a dance and music genre that originated in Cuba in the mid 1800s. It has oftenRead MoreThe s Body Shines Of The Soul988 Words   |  4 Pagesof the soul. Rumba, the dance does not particularly have elements of an earlier dance but, the unique hip movement called the Cuban Motion, is one of the most important elements of this dance. The Americanized Rumba was the base for the Mambo and the Cha-Cha in the United States. Rumba is known as the grandfather of the Latin dances. Coming from Cuba, Rumba came to the United States around the 1920s and it is the slowest dance in Latin-America. Rumba was one of the favorite dances of the CubanRead MoreEssay on History of Rumba, Merengue and Salsa1379 Words   |  6 Pageswas correct when he said, â€Å"’dance was a primary instrument of survival’.† As such a vital part of cultural traditions, dance plays and integral role in the history culture. Three of the most influential styles of dance in the Caribbean a re the Rumba, The Merengue, and the Salsa. The word Rumba is defined by the Merriam Webster Dictionary as â€Å"a ballroom dance of Haitian and Dominican origin in 2/4 time in which one foot is dragged on every step.† Here, however, Rumba is a collection of percussiveRead MoreTake the Lead1333 Words   |  6 Pagestells us of the struggle of a dance teacher, Pierre Dulain. It is the real story of a dance teacher who believed in the talent of a group of problem kids. This film not only gives us a fun and relaxation but it also gives us knowledge about modern dancing and model dancing. Not only that, the film gives us the morality as teacher. How relationship between teacher and student should be in school as well as in their personal encounter. One day In New York, the polite dance instructor Pierre Dulaine seesRead MoreSummary Of The Carnival Of Barraquillais1221 Words   |  5 Pages(Groups of dances and disguises), among which are the marimondas (hooded with long noses, gigantonas, cabezon dwarves, etc). The parade is presided over by the float of the Queen who dances and throws flowers to the spectators, accompanied by a great group of princes and princesses. The following day, Sunday of Carnival, the Parade of the Great Parade, carried out by the popular dances of the Torito, the one of the Garabato and the one of the spinners is realized. The two most characteristic dances of thisRead MoreThe History of Dance9217 Words   |  37 PagesDance, movements orchestrated with music, to express the way you feel. The first forms of dance came around in 6000 B.C, originating from India. The Hindu dance Gods Krishnu Shiva is the most common God portrayed through dance, especially found in Bharata Natyam and Nyark Sharky, also known as Belly Dance. In Southeast India, it is normal as a young female to learn the ways of Bharata Natyam. Bharata Natyam is widely known for its sculpturesque poses and art of story telling, mostly performed onlyRead More Flamenco Essay898 Words   |  4 Pagesform, which was mainly originated by Andalusian gypsies. It exists in 3 forms: El cante, song, el baile, dance and guitarrra, guitar playing. Its roots also are with Arabs, Spanish Jews and socially outcasted Christians. The flamenco essence is song, which is usually accompanied by guitar and improvised dance. Complex rhythmic patterns and sophi sticated footwork differs from other European dance forms. The word quot;flamencoquot; has been questioned on why an Adalucian music form would be representedRead MoreFranco and TPOK Jazz Essay1241 Words   |  5 PagesWest. These collections allow the listener to discover not only the evolution of a musical genius, but also the history of one of the world’s great dance traditions, Congolese rumba. 1953-1979 charts Franco’s progression from hotshot Afro-Cuban guitarist to a master bandleader. 1980-1989 features fluid guitar work and the distinctive fully mature rumba sound of TPOK Jazz (Tout Puissant Orchestra Kinois or all-powerful Kinshanan Orchestra). Both collections include a 48-page booklet filled withRead MoreThe American Of American History1199 Words   |  5 Pagesnuts and thickened with ground masa which is corn flour. Latin dances are the ones that are most often learned and performed. Whether watching a dance show on television or attending a social dance workshop, you re certain to run into some of these Latin styles. The International Dance Sport Federation, a group hosting and regulating international dance competitions, classifies the following dances as types of Latin dances: Samba, Rumba, Cha Cha, Paso Doble, Jive (The International DanceSport FederationRead MoreStrictly Ballroom and Neighbours by Tim Winton Essay Belonging.1576 Words   |  7 Pagesthe prestige of the ballroom dancing, in contrast to the gracious songs and dance moves in the ballroom. It turns out that the ballroom dancing world as a world of competition, where you need to conform to the dances and where individuality is impossible. The important value of ‘Winning at all cost’ that entraps people, restricting them from being themself. Baz Luhrmann creates Scott Hasting as a rebel, who dares to dance his own steps, dazzling the audience with his samba routine earlier in the

Analysis Of The Poem Coriolanus - 1199 Words

I can relate to Coriolanus’ struggle to forge a title for himself. I feel as through the name that was given to me at birth is almost like a blank canvas. My birth name holds no identity in and of itself; Instead, it is the independent choices that I make for myself that will determine what my birth name will come to represent. Additionally, I can also relate to Coriolanus’ feelings of fear because I do not know how to go about finding my own identity. As a matter of fact, I empathize with Coriolanus’ fickleness when it comes to defining his sense of self. Specifically, it is hard to understand one’s own character development when society forces unrealistic principles into an individual’s psyche. I fully acknowledge that Coriolanus’ newly†¦show more content†¦This quote is the epitome of temper and regret in Coriolanus. After the tribunes banished Coriolanus from Rome, his pride and temper take control of him. Coriolanus responds to being banished by instead informing the tribunes that he is the one who is banishing them. Additionally, some of the themes and emotions found in this passage reflect many of Coriolanus’ character traits. In this scene, he expresses thorough his actions, his struggle with power, his hubristic tendencies, as well as his anger issues. However, this passage also exposes his independence, he does not need anyone else to live or function in his own mind. This scene reveals to the audience that Coriolanus has both good and bad attributes, I relate to Coriolanus due to the fact that I also have multiple facets in my identity. I feel that the positive and negative components of my personality make me somewhat similar to Coriolanus. Additionally, I can strongly relate to Coriolanus’ feelings of fear because I do not know how to go about discovering my own identity. I do not yet completely understand who I am as an individual. Despite this fact, I am attempting to make the best decisions in life that I know how to. No one individual is perfect, thus many people occasionally make poor or impulsive decisions. However, I do not believe that poor decision-making causes someone to be a badShow MoreRelatedJulius Caesar Character Analysis Essay1017 Words   |  5 Pageswidely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language. He was born on July 13 in 1564 and died in 1616. It was written to be a tragedy and was one of the seventh plays written off true events that happened in Roman time. Also includes Coriolanus, Antony, and Cleopatra. Drama of the play focuses on Brutus’ struggle between the conflicting demands of honor, patriotism, and friendship. Opens with â€Å"two tribunes discovering the c ommoners of Rome celebrating Julius Caesar’s triumphant returnRead MoreHamlet, Prince Of Denmark1869 Words   |  8 Pagesperspective by different critics. Some find interest in the way Shakespeare has handled the character, Hamlet. While some other questions the authority of the text including the character. It is only because of the versatility of the text so much analysis has been possible. Some like Nietzsche looked at the character from existential point of view while Freud from psychoanalytical point of view. Looking at different point of view continues like a contagious disease from hand to hand. However, in theRead More DeVere or William Shakespeare? Essay2835 Words   |  12 PagesDeVere, the Earl of Oxford. Each side of this debate has many followers, the Stratfordians, or those who claim Shakespeare to be the true author, and the Oxfordians who believe that true credit should go to DeVere. My paper, far from being a complete analysis of the possibilities of Shake spearean authorship, attempts to summarize and rationalize the arguments of these two groups. It would be impossible to include all arguments and evidence in a paper such as this. Full books have been written on aspects

Essay about Mass Incarceration of African Americans

â€Å"Until justice is blind to color, until education is unaware of race, until opportunity is unconcerned with the color of mens skins, emancipation will be a proclamation but not a fact.†(Lyndon Johnson). For generations in the United Stated, ethnic minorities have been discriminated against and denied fair opportunity and equal rights. In the beginning there was slavery, and thereafter came an era of racism which directly impacted millions of minorities lives. This period called Jim Crow was the name of the racial caste system up in till mid 1960s. Jim Crow was more than just a series of severe anti-Black laws, it became a way of life. Under Jim Crow, African Americans were positioned to the status of second class citizens. What Jim Crow†¦show more content†¦Just like race is a social construct and exists only in our minds, with no biological evidence, so is the assumption that most prisoners convicted of drug offense are African Americans. It is a myth that we a s a nation have moved beyond race, Racial caste is alive and well in America. Alexander, author of The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness, explained how our treatment of criminals has created a new racial caste system, and the only way to make change is by massive social change and Civil Rights movement. The criminal laws often focus on psychoactive drugs used by the minority populations. Minorities are disproportionately targeted, arrested, and punished for drug offenses. For instance, Black, Latino, Native American, and many Asian were portrayed as violent, traffickers of drugs and a danger to society. Surveillance was focused on communities of color, also immigrants, the unemployed, the undereducated, and the homeless, who continue to be the main targets of law enforcement efforts to fight the war on drugs. Although African Americans comprise only 12.2 percent of the population and 13 percent of drug users, they make up 38 percent of those arrested f or drug offenses and 59 percent of those convicted of drug offenses causing critics to call the war on drugs the â€Å"New Jim Crow†(drug policy). The drugShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Mass Incarceration On African Americans1019 Words   |  5 PagesAmerica has the highest prevalence of jailing its citizens. Nearly 2.3 million Americans are behind bars or nearly one percent of the adult population at any given time (Campbell, Vogel, Williams, 2015). As of 2014, African Americans make up 34% of the incarcerated population. As a result, a disproportionate amount of African American youth will experience a parent’s incarceration. Research has shown that children of incarcerated parents experience emotional problems, socioeconomic problemsRead MoreThe Lack Of Reintegration Programs And Mass Incarceration Of African Americans912 Words   |  4 PagesSocial Problem The problem to be address in this paper is the lack of reintegration programs and mass incarceration of African Americans in the United. Mass incarceration amongst African Americans has had a catastrophic impact on families and communities and continues to create a cycle of discrimination, which makes its nearly impossible as a race to progress. Because of the soaring incarceration rate in the United States, many prisons are over populated and lack resources and support to help inmatesRead MoreMass incarceration of African Americans, The Revised Caste System1780 Words   |  8 Pageshas been an ongoing topic in history since slavery. As Americans we are affected by racial injustices everyday. One may not realize how their own racial identity plays a part in their everyday life experiences. The dynamics of racial oppression and privilege with the United States is incredibly complex ranging from the time of establishment to present day. The present day racial inequality within the cr iminal justice system and incarceration rates has peaked in the United States over the last 30Read MoreThe New Jim Crow : Mass Incarceration1199 Words   |  5 PagesImagine if someone was able to change others perceptions on the American criminal justice system? Michelle Alexander was able to accomplish that by altering some people s entire perception on the American criminal justice system by focusing on our most pressing civil right issues of our time for some of those who did read her book The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration In The Age of Colorblindness. Michelle Alexander stated that The most despised in America is not gays, transgenders, nor even illegalRead MoreThe New Jim Crow By Michelle Alexander1313 Words   |  6 PagesCrow Michelle Alexander’s the new Jim Crow Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness examine the Jim Crow practices post slavery and the mass incarceration of African-American. The creation of Jim Crows laws where used as a tool to promote segregation among the minority and white American. Michelle Alexander’s the new Jim Crow Mass takes a look at Jim Crow laws and policies were put into place to block the social progression African-American from the post-slavery to the civil rights movementRead MoreThe New Jim Crow By Michelle Alexander1316 Words   |  6 PagesJim Crow Michelle Alexander’s the new Jim Crow Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness examine the Jim Crow practices post slavery and the mass incarceration of African-American. The creation of Jim Crows laws were used as a tool to promote segregation among the minority and white American. Michelle Alexander’s the new Jim Crow Mass takes a look at Jim Crow laws and policies were put into place to block the social progression African-American from the post-slavery to the civil rights movementRead MoreRacial Disparities Of Mass Incarceration1572 Words   |  7 PagesRacial disparities in mass incarceration Introduction Mass Incarceration in the United States has been a large topic of choice because rapid growth in the prison and jail populations, the long sentences the inmates face, and the inability for some inmates to incorporate themselves back into society. Since the 1970’s the U.S. prison population quadrupled from 158 to 635 people per 100,000, causing the U.S. to gain the title of country with the highest incarceration rate. (Massoglia, Firebaugh, Read MoreThe New Jim Crow?919 Words   |  4 Pagesissue, Alexander found the prison system was a way to oppress African Americans and wrote the novel The New Jim Crow. The New Jim Crow follows the history of the racial caste system and in the novel Alexander comes to the conclusion that the mass incarceration of African American is the New Jim Crow, or in other words a new system of black oppression. Though some might try to refute the idea of mass incarceration of African Americans, Alexander offers a well thought out argument with subst antialRead More The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness, by Michelle Alexander1182 Words   |  5 PagesThe New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness is a book by Michelle Alexander, a civil rights litigator and legal scholar. The book discusses race-related issues specific to African-American males and mass incarceration in the United States. Michelle Alexander (2010) argues that despite the old Jim Crow is death, does not necessarily means the end of racial caste (p.21). In her book â€Å"The New Jim Crow†, Alexander describes a set of practices and social discourses that serve toRead MoreThe New Jim Crow : Mass Incarceration1081 Words   |  5 Pages Michelle Alexander’s The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness outlines how the criminal justice system has systematically designed new methods of discriminating against African Americans. The book advocates for racial justice, specifically, for A frican Americans and contends they [African Americans] were targeted and subsequently incarcerated, by white voters and public officials, through the War on Drugs campaign. President Reagan and his Administration exploited racial

Proposal the Hunger in Ethiopia Free Essays

Research Proposal Introduction/ Background Information: Ethiopia has been suffering from poverty and hunger for many years. Most of the people around the world are not aware of this massacre. Ethiopia is an agro-based country; they have only agricultural labor to invest on. We will write a custom essay sample on Proposal: the Hunger in Ethiopia or any similar topic only for you Order Now The drought in Ethiopia has caused a huge impact in the economy. There are currently over 500,000 acutely malnourished children in Ethiopia. They have been getting foreign aid but reports in the conversations with many starvation victims confirm that the situation is still not improved. By increasing foreign aid, the foreign country can get certain benefits, they can assure military assistance, gain land to search for oil, and create an alliance. Our research study will bring awareness about the terrible situation in Ethiopia to the whole world. When this research study is successful, our prediction is that people all over the world will help and protest for more foreign aids. Ethiopia will receive enough aid to invest on a permanent solution to poverty and many lives will be saved from starvation and malnutrition. The funding company which funds this research study will be reatly benefited because it will be appreciated and credited on all our research studies. The funding agency will be thanked by the people all over the world and it will be known by the whole world. We have high expectation that this study will be a success because similar work has been very successful in the past years. Invisible Children Kony 2012, a video published by Jason Russell which bring s awareness to the world about the Ugandan criminal, was very successful. They have captured the attention of the people around the whole world. The video has gotten over 84 million views in just two weeks. Proposed Work: The intent of the proposed study is to learn about the suffering victims in Ethiopia. In this research study, interviews will be the primary research approach. It is anticipated that the victims will talk about their stories and variety of topics throughout the interview. It is anticipated that over 30 interviews will be conducted within a year. All interviews will be videotaped with the interviewee’s permission. The expected interview length is about an hour long. I will write field notes while observing, giving interviews and listening to the interviews from the tape after. I expect to obtain more information and data from the organizations that are already there to help the victims, papers, officials of the government of Ethiopia and any other subjects that relates with my research study. All the interviews and data will be saved and organized on computer software. Some Interviews will be edited and published in the internet where everyone in the world should have access to. We will also be advertising it in the internet nd in major cities of United States. I will create a webpage where we have our statistics and data. People all over the world are expected to be interacting with each other in our webpage, which creates awareness. I will interact with people on social networking websites such as Twitter, Facebook and email. Budget: I will need the following materials, equipment and personnel for a comfort success. I will need stationary mate rial for recording, cameras, computers, microphones, sound systems and computer software for video editing and file storage. I will hire about 10 qualified interns nd employees for different tasks. Out of all the employees, some will be interviewers and journalists who will assist me with interviews and conduct their own interviews in different rural part of Ethiopia. Some of the employees will be in control of editing videos and uploading it on Internet webpage, manage the webpage and social networking sites such as Facebook and twitter. The webpage would have the options for people to make donations that go to the charity to help the victims. The estimated cost for this research project is about half a million ollars. The amount specified includes the material, equipment, personnel, travel expenses and salary for the interns and the employees including me. The research study is proposed to start in spring of 2012 and expected to finish in the middle of 2013. Conclusion/Recommendat ion: This project is very significant because many lives depend on it. It will give awareness to the whole world about the situation in Ethiopia. The action taken against this massacre is very helpful to these poor people who live their life with a dollar a day. This problem can be solved y being united and protesting for more aid, advertising, donating and collecting donations. Many lives can be saved. References: 1. Alexander, Douglas. â€Å"House of Commons Hansard Written Answers for 03 Nov 2009 (pt 0001). † United Kingdom Parliament Home Page. 3 Nov. 2009. Web. 16 Mar. 2012. . 2. Gordts, Eline. â€Å"Ethiopia: Hunger During Worst Drought In 60 Years. † The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost. com, 17 Aug. 2011. Web. 16 Mar. 2012. . 3. Sanders, Edmund. â€Å"Hunger Is Once Again Stalking Ethiopia. † Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles Times, 05 Aug. 2008. Web. 16 Mar. 2012. . How to cite Proposal: the Hunger in Ethiopia, Essay examples

Pseudoscientific claims free essay sample

The seven warning signs that a claim about behavior might be a pseudoscientific claim are: claimants avoid peer reviewing or other verification, exaggerated claims, basic theory does not change in response to evidence, they look for only evidence that confirms their hypothesis, the claimant insists that their theory is accurate because it has not been proven wrong, the claim defies what established science has told us about the world, the claimants attempt to persuade using anecdotes, they talk of â€Å"proof† instead of â€Å"evidence, and absence of connectivity to another research. Pseudoscience is often times impossible to test. Most of the times in pseudoscientific claim the excuses make a claim untestable. â€Å"For example, a psychic who cannot demonstrate mind reading or other supernatural feats under carefully controlled conditions at the laboratory might claim that â€Å"the skeptical vibes of experimenters† are blocking his or her psychic powers.† Many scientific claims that turn out to be incorrect are eventually weeded out. We will write a custom essay sample on Pseudoscientific claims or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, in pseudoscience, incorrect claims never seem to go away. Pseudoscience tends to heavily rely on anecdotal evidence, which cannot tell us about cause and effect and are often difficult to verify. Particularly, pseudoscience lacks the safeguards against confirmation bias and belief perseverance that characterize science. Pseudoscience is an imposter of Science, claims that are not scientific. Pseudoscience is more likely to be driven by ideological, cultural, or commercial goals. It is important to notice these signs when reading claims about behavior because these signs help us find out if the claims are pseudoscientific or scientific claims. The three examples of pseudoscientific claims are: conversion therapy, palm reading, and graphology. Conversion therapy is a pseudoscientific treatment that aims to change sexual orientation from homosexual or bisexual to heterosexual. It is sometimes known as reparative or sexual reorientation therapy. Conversion therapys practices are based upon the assumption that homosexuality is a mental condition. Conversion therapy is a pseudoscience because it lacks peer review or replication, relies on anecdotes, which do not tell us anything about cause and effect, and failure to connect the treatment to previous researches. Palm reading is commonly practiced all over the world in many countries. However, it is one of the examples of pseudoscience. The reason it being pseudoscience is that it lacks experimental evidence neither it is accurate. People rely on the palmist for what he/she says looking at the palm of a person. The palmist reads the lines on palm and tries to foretell about someone’s future. Sometimes, it will be true, but majority of the times it is untrue. Palm reading is meaningless, that uses fancy scientific sounding terms that do not make sense. Therefore, palm reading is completely pseudoscientific which we should not rely on about our future. Graphology is pseudoscientific study and analysis of hand writing especially in human psychology. Graphologists believe that handwriting can reveal a great deal about the psychological state of the writer. However, I believe it is completely pseudoscientific claim because the hand writing analysis cannot give us the complete information about the person. It has not been verified and approved by any scientists or other scientific communities neither it can be proved in the lab by scientific means. It is just a people’s belief and practices that occurs around the world in various communities and cultural groups. It is completely pseudoscientific claim because it is over relied on anecdotes. To sum up, pseudoscientific claims are the claims that tends to relies on anecdotal evidence, neglects previous researches, bypasses peer review, uses meaningless and fancy scientific-sounding terms that don’t make any sense, and talks of proof instead of evidences. Since conversion therapy, palm reading, and graphology includes at least one of signs above, they are pseudoscientific.

Modest proposal Essay Example For Students

Modest proposal Essay What Do you Think of This?In Jonathan Swifts A Modest Proposal, published in 1729, Swift engages in an extraordinary amount of irony and satire. Swift states that in order to reduce famine in Ireland and to solve the problems that they are having that eating children would be a good solution. This is not the purpose of Swifts essay. The real intent was to get the people of Britain to notice that the ideas that they were coming up with were not any better than his satirical one, and new ideas and efforts needed to come forth in order to solve the problem. Swift stresses that it is hard for mothers to provide for their children and it is not getting any easier. He feels that this is due to an overpopulation and lack of food. It is hard enough for these mothers to find food for themselves, let alone their children. According to Swift an infant in the first year of its life is not much of a hassle at all and doesnt require much money to support it. He believes that these less than a year old infants can survive mostly on breast milk and need little other nourishment. So, Swifts idea is that after a child has reached a year old, that child is to be sold as food to the wealthier members in that society or anybody who can afford it. From Swifts perspective using the children as food is the most efficient and cheap way to make the children a contribution rather than a burden. Swift realizes that there is a downfall to this approach. That downfall is a sharp decrease in population. Although that is part of the goal, it could create too much o f a decline in the population than wanted. However, this is the only con that Swift mentions. Swift goes on in great detail to explain his many pros for this idea. Swift feels that since most of the children born into this poverty grow up to be thieves and beggars that it would be doing society a favor in the long run. Swift also states that he is open to any other opinions that anyone may have regarding solutions to the famine that the country is facing. Here he is merely saying that he wants to hear what is going to be done about this famine and when something is going to be done. He also shows his concern in this essay for such tragedies that this country is facing or may be facing. He shows that he genuinely cares about what happens and he is willing to help. Nothing will get done about it until someone takes a stand as Swift did by writing this satirical essay of his. Words/ Pages : 476 / 24

What Is Hacktivism Sample Essay Example For Students

What Is Hacktivism? Sample Essay Hacktivism is the merger of hacking and activism ; political relations and engineering. More specifically. hacktivism is described as hacking for a political cause. In this context. the term hacker is used in mention to its original significance. As defined in the New Hacker’s Dictionary. a hacker is â€Å"a individual who enjoys researching the inside informations of programmable systems and how to stretch their capabilities† and one who is capable of â€Å"creatively get the better ofing or besieging limitations† . ( 1 ) Activism is defined as â€Å"a policy of taking direct and hawkish action to accomplish a political or societal goal† . ( 2 ) Therefore. a clinical definition of hacktivism is: Hacktivism: a policy of choping. phreaking or making engineering to accomplish a political or societal end. ( 3 ) However. both choping and activism. and therefore hacktivism. are laden words ripe for a assortment of reading. Therefore it is preferred non to clini cally specify hacktivism but instead to depict the spirit of hacktivism. Hacktivism is root. It is the usage of one’s collective or single inventiveness to besiege restrictions. to chop cagey solutions to complex jobs utilizing computing machine and Internet engineering. Hacktivism is a continually germinating and unfastened procedure ; its tactics and methodological analysis are non inactive. In this sense no 1 owns hacktivism – it has no prophesier. no Gospel and no canonised literature. We will write a custom essay on What Is Hacktivism? Sample specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Hacktivism is a rhizomic. open-source phenomenon. In the Beginning†¦ Since hacktivism is a recombinant enterprise comprised of two divergent communities ( hackers and militants ) it is necessary to understand their several backgrounds in order to analyse this historic amalgamation and to analyze its challenges and future capablenesss. â€Å"Hacker† was originally a term that encapsulated an individual’s deep apprehension of computing machine systems and webs and the ability to contrive. modify. and polish such systems. It is a recombinant attitude that promotes job resolution and originative inherent aptitude for it does non restrict one’s options to the possible. Choping thrives in an environment in which information is freely accessible. The hacker ethic formulated by Steven Levy in his 1984 book â€Å"Hackers: Heros of the Computer Revolution† outlines the hacker dogmas: 1. Entree to computing machines should be unlimited and entire. 2. All information should be free. 3. Mistrust authorization – promote decentalisation. 4. Hackers should be judged by their hacking non fake standards such as grades. age. race. or place. 5. You create art and beauty on a computing machine. 6. Computers can alter your life for the better. ( 4 ) The GNU/Linux operating system evolved from this hacker ethic. As fellow hackers from the MIT AI lab were lured into commercial ventures Richard Stallman became progressively concerned about the decay of the hacker community and the increasing control being exerted over proprietary codification. Stallman decided to make a free operating system modeled after the proprietary UNIX system. ( 5 ) Linus Torvalds began development on a meat and released the initial beginning codification for his meat. named Linux. ( 6 ) Together the work of Stallman and Linus form the GNU/Linux operating system. This package is released under the General Public License ( GPL ) . which is known every bit â€Å"copyleft† as opposed to right of first publication. The GPL allows users to modify and copy the package every bit long as they make the beginning freely available to others. ( 7 ) There is now a vibrant planetary. unfastened beginning community that thrives based on the free flow. and sharing of information. Hackers abhor censoring. Censoring is frequently seen as a human rights misdemeanor. particularly when it is combined with a repressive. regulating government. In add-on. hackers mistrust restrictive statute law that encroaches on free entree to information and cherished electronic privateness. Thus a natural anti pathy to repressive authoritiess and predatory. private establishments has developed. In Phrack magazine. Dr. Crash explains that computing machine engineering is being misused non by hackers but by authoritiess and corporations: The fantastic device meant to enrich life has become a arm which dehumanizes people. To the authorities and big concerns. people are no more than disc infinite. and the authorities doesn’t usage computing machines to set up assistance for the hapless. but to command atomic decease arms. ( 8 ) This sentiment is non an stray harangue. There is decidedly a tendency within hacker civilization that non merely focuses on proficient facets of calculating but political facets every bit good. In the â€Å"Hacker’s Manifesto† the ment0r explains: We make usage of a service already bing without paying for what could be dirt-cheap if it wasn’t run by profiteering gourmands. and you call us felons. We explore†¦ and you call us felons. We seek after knowledge†¦ and you call us felons. We exist without tegument colour. without nationality. without spiritual bias†¦ and you call us felons. You build atomic bombs. you pay wars. you murder. darnel. and lie to us and seek to do us believe it’s for our ain good. yet we’re the felons. ( 9 ) There is an hostility between government/corporate limitations and domination of computing machine engineering and hackers who want to guarantee free entree to information. to besiege censoring. and to forestall monopoly control of engineering. Militants recognized the benefits of incorporating activism and computer/Internet engineering comparatively rapidly. The new unfastened architecture engineering of the Internet played a complementary and good function that fit absolutely with bing. decentralized. activist webs. In fact. computerized activism was already taking topographic point before the birth of the WWWeb. Stephan Wray notes that the creative activity of PeaceNet. a text-based newsgroup service. in 1986 allowed â€Å"political militants to pass on with one another across international boundary lines with comparative easiness and velocity. † ( 10 ) This has allowed militants with small or no proficient accomplishments to use the benefits of digital communications. The Internet allows for the convergence of meetings. arguments. and research in one convenient and fast medium that greatly enhances non merely activists’ organisational capablenesss but besides the ability of militants to respond to a invariably altering universe in a timely mode. In order to educate the populace and promote causes and runs. militant organisations have utilized the Internet and established an accessible. updateable. synergistic. and international presence that antecedently would hold been hard if non about impossible to keep. Applied Hacktivism Hacktivism is the merger of the development of computing machine activism with the politicization of the hackers. The evolutionary advancement of both communities has put them in a place where they can congratulate each other because they face the same techno-political resistance: the inhibitory usage of Torahs and engineerings by private corporations and authoritiess to progressively supervise and command the Internet. The outgrowth of techno-politics has emboldened each community and provides a conduit for electronic activism. Oxblood Ruffin of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention explains: Hacktivism forges scruples with engineering and girds us against the disagreeable nature of struggle. I t allows us to mount better statements. rally unobserved Alliess. and take on any dictatorship. ( 11 ) The realization of politicized hacking has taken a assortment of signifiers runing from electronic civil noncompliance to besieging restrictions through engineering development and execution. However. there is major expostulation to and controversy of the motive and methodological analysis of activities that are frequently described as hacktivism. As with the hacker/cracker dichotomy many distinguish between hacktivism and â€Å"cracktivism† . The former is used to depict politically motivated hacking that is constructive and the latter disruptive. Cracking is defined as â€Å"the act of interrupting into a computing machine system† ( 12 ) and when such Acts of the Apostless are carried out for an expressed political intent they are frequently described as hacktivism. But hacktivism is unstable and its focal point and look has evolved over clip. To avoid â€Å"definition confusion† . it is better to analyse specific state of affairss contextually and analyze the ends. methods. consequences. Events frequently described as hacktivism have been classified as: snap ( including disfigurement and denial of service ) . practical sitins. and engineering development. Unauthorized entree. disfigurement and DoS comprise â€Å"cracktivism† and should be examined with peculiar examination since cases of unauthorised entree and web break are conspicuously featured in the current sensationalized media clime. Such onslaughts are frequently labeled by the media as â€Å"hacktivism† despite there being a clear deficiency of political significance and small if any originative. technological proficiency involved in the onslaught. Furthermore. they are labeled as such despite the fact that the culprits themselves. along with the hacktivist communi ty. seldom describe such events as hacktivism. In 1998 there were several targeted events in which computing machine invasion and disfigurement was used to protest unfairness. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //thehacktivist. com/archive/news/1998/MexicanHac kers-Reuters-1998. pdf ) Kaotik Team defaced 45 Indonesian Web sites to include messages naming for full liberty for East Timor. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //thehacktivist. com/archive/news/1998/E-GuerrilasOttawaCitizen-1998. pdf ) Defacement. despite being the most normally cited hacktivist maneuver in the media. is non considered hacktivism merely because of some obscure message that. when taken as political. all of a sudden makes a defacement hacktivism alternatively of merely another disfigurement. Hacktivism must hold a degree of deliberately that the overpowering bulk of disfigurements don’t have. A disfigurement itself is non hacktivism. Kevin Poulsen distinguishes between hooliganism and hacktivism: Vandalism is malicious devastation or harm. non disingenuous and insurgent meddling. The cogent evidence for protest is in the quality of the work. the lucidity of the message. and the motivations behind it. ( 13 ) When random web sites are defaced – web sites that have no connexion to the supposed issue of protest – it is non hacktivism. Defacements began to drastically increase in 2000 dues to general slack security and the airing of feats for Microsoft IIS waiter. most notably the Uni code Directory Traversal Vulnerability which allowed disfigurements to be conducted through a web browser – every bit easy as you would see a URL ( 14 ) . .u5731601390c0572aa2724ec443cd1b7c , .u5731601390c0572aa2724ec443cd1b7c .postImageUrl , .u5731601390c0572aa2724ec443cd1b7c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5731601390c0572aa2724ec443cd1b7c , .u5731601390c0572aa2724ec443cd1b7c:hover , .u5731601390c0572aa2724ec443cd1b7c:visited , .u5731601390c0572aa2724ec443cd1b7c:active { border:0!important; } .u5731601390c0572aa2724ec443cd1b7c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5731601390c0572aa2724ec443cd1b7c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5731601390c0572aa2724ec443cd1b7c:active , .u5731601390c0572aa2724ec443cd1b7c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5731601390c0572aa2724ec443cd1b7c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5731601390c0572aa2724ec443cd1b7c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5731601390c0572aa2724ec443cd1b7c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5731601390c0572aa2724ec443cd1b7c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5731601390c0572aa2724ec443cd1b7c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5731601390c0572aa2724ec443cd1b7c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5731601390c0572aa2724ec443cd1b7c .u5731601390c0572aa2724ec443cd1b7c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5731601390c0572aa2724ec443cd1b7c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: computers EssayThis resulted in a focal point on unpolitical high profile disfigurements go forthing disfigurement as a method to pull attending to a political cause and as a mechanism of protest overshadowed and spent. Although some politically motivated disfigurements do go on to take topographic point they are considered an mistiming by many hacktivists and neglect to impact political alteration or even draw attending to a political cause. Unlike the disfigurements of 1998. modern-day â€Å"political† disfigurements are frequently the consequence of ongoing feuds between disfigurement groups. Embedded within a nationalist discourse. the twits between opposing def acers are interpreted as politically motivated â€Å"cyberwars† and enflamed by sensationalist media describing. In a widely cited illustration that occurred in 2001. a â€Å"cyberwar† erupted after a U. S. spy plane was shot down in China. However. as Attrition. org discovered. it was more a instance of â€Å"self-fulfilling prophecy† – defacers who had non shown any political motives all of a sudden became political merely after the media interpreted their disfigurements as political. Alternatively of being a â€Å"cyberwar† . Attrition. org describes the event as â€Å"the corporate dick-waving of a clump of script-kidiots fueled by alleged journalists bring forthing media ballyhoo – the former seeking to feed their self-importances and the latter to feed their hit counts. † ( 15 ) It has been suggested that viruses and worms are used by hacktivists to advance political messages. The merely good documented event occurred in 1989 when a political worm known as WANK targeted the HEPnet and the NASA SPAN webs to protest the development of atomic arms ( 16 ) . There have been few politically motivated viruses and worms since WANK. The few which have been identified as political include: Milw0rm broke into computing machine systems at India’s Bhabha Atomic Research Centre. Bombay ( BARC ) in a protest against atomic arms trials. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www. wired. com/news/technology/0. 1282. 12717. 00. hypertext markup language ) LoU members Bronc Buster and Zyklon disabled firewalls in order to let China’s Internet users uncensored entree to the Internet. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www. wired. com/news/print/0. 1294. 16545. 00. ht milliliter ) X-Ploit defaced the web sites of Mexico’s Finance Ministry and Health Ministry to protest the authorities of President Ernesto Zedillo and to demo solidarity with the Zapatista rebellion. ? Mawanella: A virus that appeared in 2001 depicting the firing down of two mosques and one hundred Muslim-owned stores in Mawanella. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www. sophos. com/virusinfo/articles/mawanell a. hypertext markup language ) Injustice: A worm that appeared in 2001 protesting the violent death of 12 twelvemonth old Palestinian kid Mohammad Al-Durra. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www. sophos. com/virusinfo/articles/injusti. hypertext markup language ) Vote-A: A 2001 worm that calls for a ballot on whether America should travel to war. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www. sophos. com/virusinfo/analyses/w32v ote-a. hypertext markup language ) Yaha-E: A 2002 worm that attempts a denial of service onslaught on a Pakistani government’s web site. ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www. sophos. com/virusinfo/articles/yahae3. hypertext markup language ) Ame La Paz stated that non merely had the EDT failed to confer with with Mexican organisations they besides did non confer with with the Zapatistas. Furthermore. Ame La Paz suggested that such actions may take to increasing confrontation and the escalation of belligerencies in internet. There have been other such reviews of electronic civil noncompliance from within the militant community. ( 20 ) The etoy narrative of 1999/2000 is a tale starring the European art corporate etoy. com and Internet plaything giant eToys. com. etoy is a dynamic graphics that â€Å"uses the corporate construction to maximise cultural value† in order to research the jobs of globalisation. ( 21 ) After etoy turned down an offer by eToys to purchase the sphere name etoy. com. eToys sought and won a impermanent tribunal injunction denying etoy the usage of the sphere etoy. com despite the fact that etoy. com had been registered before the eToys Corporation had even existed. The logical thinking was that etoy. com was bewilderingly similar to etoys. com Not content to discontinue. protagonists of etoy. most notably RTMark began a run. a toy war. designed non merely to decrease the value of eToys stock to make a case in point that â€Å"would coerce e-commerce companies in the hereafter to believe twice approximately censoring for fiscal net income. † ( 22 ) A Virtual Sit-In was organized to cross the premier shopping yearss of Dec. 15-25 and promotion runs targeted eToys investing boards all of which had an impact on the stock monetary value of eToys. In fact the stock began to drop the twenty-four hours the protests began. eToys finally drop their claim and etoy regained control of the etoy. com sphere with eToys picking up the legal costs. ( 23 ) Another major ECD action. one which introduced the construct of synchronised electronic and street based protest. was initiated by the electrohippies collective to co-occur with the 1999 street presenta tions in Seattle. Washington against the meeting of the World Trade Organization. They argue that by organizing street and Internet based protest the involvements of the populace are furthered. The web. they argue. is non separate from the street: Therefore. we must happen mechanisms for lobbying and protest in internet to complement those usually used in existent life. Without public force per unit area internet will hold no moral or normative controls to command the surpluss of politicians. groups or corporations who would seek to rule that public infinite. ( 24 ) The action was conducted â€Å"To supply a mechanism for ordinary people. who can non acquire to Seattle. to register a protest that may hold the impact tantamount to really being there in person† ( 25 ) by decelerating or barricading entree to the WTO’s waiters. It is of import to observe that the anti-virus signifier Symantec current has a turning database of over 65000 viruses and worms of which few contain any content that could be interpreted as political. However. the self-seeking involvements of security houses have led them into overstating the being of political viruses and worms. For illustration. the text of the Yaha-E worm is merely several lines of misspelled twits directed at a rival disfigurement group – a message that is barely political. The fact is that viruses and worms are infrequently associated with political intents. The development and usage viruses or worms is non loosely accepted within the hacktivist community – in fact most oppose it. Electronic Civil Disobedience ( ECD ) is a legitimate signifier of non-violent. direct action utilized in order to convey force per unit area on establishments engaged in unethical or condemnable actions. Within the electronic environment. ECD aims to interrupt the opera tion of information and capital flows of carefully selected mark sites without doing serious harm. Presently based on. but non limited to. the tactical usage of encirclement and trespass. ECD acts as a mechanism through which â€Å"the value system of the province ( to which information is of higher value than the person ) is inverted. puting information back in the service of people instead than utilizing it to profit establishments. † ( 17 ) The realization of ECD in this respect has been an effort to obstruct electronic marks through mass engagement. Stefan Wray explains: In early 1998 a little group naming themselves the Electronic Disturbance Theater had been watching other people experimenting with early signifiers of practical sitins. The group so created package called FloodNet and on a figure of occasions has invited mass engagement in its practical sitins against the Mexican authorities. EDT members Carmin Karasic and Brett Stalbaum created FloodNet to direct a â€Å"symbolic gesture† against an opponent’s web site. FloodNet is a Web-based Java applet that repeatedly sends browser reload bids. In theory. when adequate EDT participants are at the same time indicating the FloodNet URL toward an opposition site. a critical mass prevents farther entry. Actually. this has been seldom attained. Given this. possibly FloodNet’s power lies more in the fake menace. ( 18 ) It should be noted that a Mexican organisation. Ame La Paz. while supportive of the construct issued a statement critical of the EDT’s action: We besides think your Electronic Civil Disobedience on April is a brilliant. intelligent and well-planned proposal. but it is unneeded and unsafe. ( 19 ) .u73143238a29ab2459f957fa09d8c3677 , .u73143238a29ab2459f957fa09d8c3677 .postImageUrl , .u73143238a29ab2459f957fa09d8c3677 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u73143238a29ab2459f957fa09d8c3677 , .u73143238a29ab2459f957fa09d8c3677:hover , .u73143238a29ab2459f957fa09d8c3677:visited , .u73143238a29ab2459f957fa09d8c3677:active { border:0!important; } .u73143238a29ab2459f957fa09d8c3677 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u73143238a29ab2459f957fa09d8c3677 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u73143238a29ab2459f957fa09d8c3677:active , .u73143238a29ab2459f957fa09d8c3677:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u73143238a29ab2459f957fa09d8c3677 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u73143238a29ab2459f957fa09d8c3677 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u73143238a29ab2459f957fa09d8c3677 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u73143238a29ab2459f957fa09d8c3677 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u73143238a29ab2459f957fa09d8c3677:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u73143238a29ab2459f957fa09d8c3677 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u73143238a29ab2459f957fa09d8c3677 .u73143238a29ab2459f957fa09d8c3677-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u73143238a29ab2459f957fa09d8c3677:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: On the surface, Jonas is like any other eleven-year-old boy living in his community Essay Oxblood explains: Many online militants claim to be hacktivists. but their tactics are frequently at odds with what we consider hacktivism to be. From the cDc’s position. creative activity is good ; devastation is bad. Hackers should advance the free flow of information. and doing anything to interrupt. prevent. or idiot that flow is improper. For case. Center for Disease Control and Prevention does non see Web disfigurements or Denial of Service ( DoS ) attacks to be legitimate hacktivist actions. The former is nil more than high-tech hooliganism. and the latter. an assault on free address. ( 29 ) Alternatively. it is argued that the focal point of hacktivism should be shifted from electronic break to job solution. Oxblood Ruffin explains: Hacktivism is an open-source implosion. It takes the best of choping civilization. and the jussive moods of the quantum community. and fuses a solution. ( 30 ) Hacktivismo chooses to re-define hacktivism as â€Å"using engineering to progr ess human rights through electronic media. † ( 31 ) Re-focusing on the initial hacker moral principle. hacktivists seek originative solutions that circumvent restrictions in codification. If. as Lawrence Lessig suggests. â€Å"code is law† ( 32 ) so code itself is the primary location of battle. Despite being heralded as a democratising engineering by virtuousness of its decentralized. open-architecture design the Internet is progressively coming under force per unit area by establishments. authoritiess and corporations that seek to have and command it. The increasing incursion of Draconian cyberlaw – including anti- ( cyber ) terrorist act commissariats every bit good as rational belongings jurisprudence – combined with technological steps that restrict freedom of address and look online threaten the Internet both as a communications medium and as a agency of activism. Some hackers have been disputing limitations to free address and just usage rights in the tribunals. 2600 Magazine has been taken to tribunal several times over such issues. most notably the DeCSS instance. In Nov. 1999 Masters of Reverse Engineering ( MoRE ) released DeCSS. a plan that allowed users to do transcripts of copy-protected DVD’s. MoRE member Jon Johansen claimed they had released the codification so that users could play DVD’s on the Linux operating system. 2600 Magazine was sued by the MPAA for printing the DeCSS beginning codification. ( 33 ) Although 2600 decided non to appeal a opinion against them in the U. S. ( 34 ) Jon Johansen won his tribunal instance in Norway and has since released an unfastened beginning public-service corporation that dumps the contents of a Quicktime watercourse pulling attending to fair usage rights. ( 35 ) Increasingly. militants and hacktivists are being criminalized and labeled as terrorists. Users. militants. and hackers likewise face censoring and surveillance on the Internet. Therefore hacktivists have begun to develop engineerings aimed at authorising Internet users and militants with security and privateness enhancing tools. There are legion ongoing hacktivist undertakings to develop engineerings that would enable militants. citizens and civil society webs to procure themselves against. or work about. Internet censoring and surveillance. The range of these engineerings ranges from little. simple books and plans to extremely developed peer-to-peer web protocols. and stegonography tools . The new collaborative hacktivist community Hackforge. cyberspace purposes to convey together hackers and militants in an unfastened beginning collaborative package development environment in The practical sit-in. or client-side DDOS. differs from serverside DDOS since â€Å"client-side distributed actions require the attempts of existent people. taking portion in their 1000s simultaneously† while the latter requires the snap of computing machines to utilize as living deads in an machine-controlled DDOS onslaught. Attrition. org’s Brian Martin explains server-side DDOS: Prior to establishing this signifier of DDoS inundation. the aggressor must first via media assorted hosts on different webs. The more webs and machines used as launch points. the more powerful the onslaught. Once each host had been broken into. they would put in a DDoS client plan on the machine that would sit ready to assail. Once the web of compromised waiters was configured with the new client plan. t he aggressor could direct a speedy bid from the DDoS waiter package triping each machine to establish an onslaught. ( 26 ) Others within the hacker/hacktivist fierily oppose the maneuver of the practical sit-in proposing that there is no difference between a practical sit-in and a DDOS onslaught. In a response to the electrohippies. Oxblood Ruffin of cDc/Hacktivismo explains: Denial of Service. is Denial of Service. is Denial of Service. period. The lone difference between a plan like Stacheldraht a DDoS application written by The Mixter ] and the client side javascript plan written by the Electrohippies is the difference between blowing something up and being pecked to decease by a duck. ( 27 ) Hacktivism is non purely the importing of militant techniques into the digital kingdom. Rather it is the look of hacker accomplishments in the signifier of electronic direct action. It acknowledges that neither the tactics nor the aims of hacktivism are inactive. Rather. they must continually germinate in order to be effectual. Therefore a differentiation is made between hackers engaged in activism and militants trying use the proficient facets of choping to mime and apologize traditional signifiers of activism. This sentiment is summed up by Oxblood Ruffin of cDc/Hacktivismo: Hacktivism is about utilizing more facile statements – whether of codification or words – to build a more perfect system. One does non go a hacktivist simply by infixing an â€Å"h† in forepart of the word militant or by looking backward to paradigms associated with industrial organisation. ( 28 ) Break ( whether by computing machine housebreakings. disfigurement or denial of service ) . in this respect. is non feasible option. In order to ease the continued development of hacktivist engineerings. Hovering between creative activity and confrontation hacktivism is returning to its hacker roots. True to the hacker definition of â€Å"circumventing limitations† hacktivists have ever focused on engineering development. with a peculiar focal point on guaranting freedom of address on the Internet. although this facet has frequently been ignored by the media and faculty members. Hacktivism is non simple pranksterism. nor is it malicious or destructive. It is non synonymous with disfigurements and DoS onslaughts. Hacktivism is a signifier of electronic direct action in which originative and critical thought is fused with scheduling accomplishment and codification making a new mechanism to accomplish societal and political alteration. Hacktivists are committed to procuring the Internet as a platform of free address and look. This ensures that the Internet remains a medium for activism and an environment that facilitates the free flow of information. Mentions: 29. hypertext transfer protocol: //hacktivismo. com/news/modules. php? name=Content A ; pa=showpage A ; pid= 10 30. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. cultdeadcow. com/cDc_files/cDc-0361. html 31. hypertext transfer protocol: //hacktivismo. com/news/modules. php? name=Content A ; pa=showpage A ; pid= 10 32.hypertext transfer protocol: //code-is-law. org/ 33. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. theregister. co. uk/content/archive/23633. html 34. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. 2600. com/news/view/article/1233 35. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. theregister. co. uk/content/4/34141. hypertext markup language What is Hacktivism? 1. 0 can be found at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. thehacktivist. com/hacktivism1. php Notes: 1. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. drudge. gr/jargon/html/H/hacker. html 2. hypertext transfer protocol: //dictionary. mention. com/search? q=activism 3. This definition appeared on the CULT OF THE DEAD COW’s now defunct website hypertext transfer protocol: //www. hacktivism. org which is archived here: hypertext transfer protocol: //web. archive. org/web/19981203083935/http: //www. hacktivism. org/ 4. hypertext transfer protocol: //mosaic. echonyc. com/~steven/hackers. html 5. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. wildebeest. org/gnu/thegnuproject. html 6. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. Li. org/linuxhistory. php 7. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. wildebeest. org/copyleft/gpl. html 8. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. phrack. org/phrack/6/P06-03 9. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. phrack. org/phrack/14/P14-03 10. hypertext transfer protocol: //thehacktivist. com/archive/edt/wwwhack. html 11. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. drudge. gr/jargon/html/C/cr acking. html 12. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. securityfocus. com/bid/1806/info/ 13. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. techtv. com/cybercrime/print/0. 23102. 2000216. 00. html 14. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. abrasion. org/mirror/attrition/defacements-graphs. html 15. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. abrasion. org/security/commentary/cn-us-war. hypertext markup language 16. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. cert. org/advisories/CA-1989-04. hypertext markup language 17. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. critical-art. net/books/ecd/ecd2. pdf 18. hypertext transfer protocol: //thehacktivist. com/archive/edt/wwwhack. html 19. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. thing. net/~rdom/ecd/amelapaz. html 20. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. thing. net/~rdom/ecd/harrycontrib. html hypertext transfer protocol: //www. nettime. org/Lists-Archives/nettime-l-9808/msg00028. html 21. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. etoy. com 22. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. rtmark. c om/etoymain. html 23. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. wired. com/news/politics/0. 1283. 33111. 00. html hypertext transfer protocol: //www. wired. com/news/politics/0. 1283. 32936. 00. html hypertext transfer protocol: //www. rtmark. com/etoy. html 24. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. gn. armored personnel carrier. org/pmhp/ehippies/files/op1. htm 25.hypertext transfer protocol: //www. gn. armored personnel carrier. org/pmhp/ehippies/archive/wtoir. htm 26. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. abrasion. org/~jericho/works/security/dos. html 27. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. cultdeadcow. com/details. php3? listing_id=410 28. hypertext transfer protocol: //www. cultdeadcow. com/details. php3? listing_id=410